WHAT IS ELECTRONICS?

Here i will teach you what exactly electronics mean. Electronics is the study of the flow of electrons through materials and devices. Devices could be semiconductors, resistors, inductors, capacitors and vacuum tubes.

First of all you must be aware of what is an atom. Atom contains a nucleus to which electrons are tightly bound or loosely bound. Example wood, glass have tightly bound electrons has it is difficult for current to flow in them since there is less movement of electrons. Whereas Copper, iron, gold, silver are having loosely bounded electrons to nucleus therefore current flow is more due to presence of free electrons. Generators use a magnet to move electrons. In an electrical circuit, the number of electrons that are moving is called the current, and it is measured in amperes. The "force" pushing the electrons along is called the voltage and is measured in volts. For example a battery is of 9v means it will push electrons with force of 9v.In US power outlets gives 120v whereas in India it gives 220v.

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Increase in voltage increases current. Decrease in resistance will increase current flow. The advantage that alternating current provides for the power channel is the fact that it is relatively easy to change the voltage of the power, using a device called a transformer .V=IR

Volts * Amps = Watts ::Volts-Potential difference

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If you allow electrons to move through a wire, they will create a magnetic field around the wire. Similarly, if you move a magnet near a wire, the magnetic field will cause electrons in the wire to move.

BUT SIR WHAT IS THE USE OF ELECTRONICS IN OUR DAILY LIFE?

General Electronics is necessary for all of us to know. Being completely unaware of electronics basics terms will not help you at all. Having even little knowledge of electronics can also save you a lot of time and money. If you know basics of electronics you can yourself correct faults encountered in your electronics equipments. For e.g. say a telephone has its wire broken or wire has got unsoldered, if you know how to correct it you can do it by yourself by soldering it instead of submitting it at any shop. This was just an example. We must know how electrical circuits work and general electronic symbols and formulas

List of Electronic Symbols

Ammeter-It is used to measure the current flowing.

Amplifier-It is used to amplify the signal.

AND GATE-It contains two binary values as input

Antenna-It is used to catch the signal

Battery-DC current.It  has its value in volts e.g 9 volt battery

Capacitor-It is a type of storage storing current.

Circuit Breaker-As name says it divides the circuit.

Diode -It stops the current flow in one direction.

Diode Type 2-It stops the current flow in one direction

Diode Type-light-Also called LEDs used for emitting light.

Diode-Schottky-a semiconductor diode with a low forward voltage

Earth Ground-To throw away additional current to earth.

Exclusive OR-It is a type of OR gate only.

Integrated Circuit-It contains thousands of transistors within it.

Rectifier-electrical device that converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC).

Relay-electrical switch that opens and closes under the control of another electrical circuit.

Rheostat-A rheostat is a two-terminal variable resistor

Resistors-A resistor is a two-terminal electronic component that opposes an electric current by producing a voltage drop between its terminals in proportion to the current

Solar Cell-Used to generate Solar energy.

Transformer-To transform high AC To low AC and vice versa.

Transistor PNP-The arrow in the PNP transistor symbol is on the emitter leg

Transistor NPN-An NPN transistor is formed by introducing a thin region of P-type semiconductor

Voltmeter-Used to measure Volts

Wattmeter-Used to measure watts i.e Power

NOW TRY MAKING THIS Simple Transistor circuit?

For designing this simple transistor circuit we must have a PCB and solder wire along with LED a 560 ohms resistance 9v battery and transistor.

Sir. Of What Substance are Transistors made?

Kids these are semiconductors?

Semiconductors are materials which have a conductivity between conductors which are generally metals and nonconductors or insulators such as most ceramics. Semiconductors can be pure elements, such as silicon or germanium, or compounds such as gallium arsenide or cadmium selenide. In a process called doping, small amounts of impurities are added to pure semiconductors causing major changes in the conductivity of the material.

List of commonly used semiconductor materials

Silicon (Si)
Germanium (Ge)
Silicon carbide (SiC)
Silicon germanide (SiGe)
Aluminium nitride (AlN)
Aluminium phosphide (AlP)
Boron nitride (BN)
Gallium antimonide (GaSb)
Indium phosphide (InP)
Gallium arsenide nitride (GaAsN)
Gallium arsenide phosphide (GaAsP)
Indium aluminium arsenide nitride (InAlAsN)
Zinc oxide (ZnO)
Zinc selenide (ZnSe)
Zinc sulfide (ZnS)
Zinc telluride (ZnTe)
Mercury zinc selenide (HgZnSe)
Lead sulfide (PbS)
Lead telluride (PbTe)
Tin sulfide (SnS)
lead tin telluride (PbSnTe)
Thallium tin telluride (Tl2SnTe5)
Zinc phosphide (Zn3P2)
Zinc arsenide (Zn3As2)
Zinc antimonide (Zn3Sb2)
Lead(II) iodide (PbI2)
Copper(I) oxide (Cu2O